Joint presentation of the CogAI team, which serves as an introduction to this first season of CogAI.
This seminar aims to open that dialogue between the fields of Cognitive Science and Artificial Intelligence. Speakers may come from one field or the other, but all will use this opportunity to reflect on how a pairing between the two fields can be stronger than the sum of the parts.
Cette initiative est née d’une équipe de scientifiques dont les membres se trouvent dans le monde entier, du Japon à la Suisse en passant par le Canada, mais dont les liens se sont principalement tissés à Paris au sein du Laboratoire de Sciences Cognitives et Psycholinguistique où certains d’entre eux travaillent et où d’autres y ont effectué leur doctorat et leur post doctorat.
Résumé : Nous concevons d’ordinaire nos choix comme conscients et sous notre contrôle. Toutefois, de nombreuses études montrent que nos processus introspectifs sont largement illusoires. Dans notre première partie, nous proposons que l’introspection peut être conceptualisée comme un processus d’inférence hiérarchique, et nous avançons une nouvelle approche pour en étudier les mécanismes sous-jacents. A cette fin, nous employons un protocole de prise de décision dans lequel les sujets ne peuvent accéder ni à leurs informations motrices, ni à des informations de haut niveau.
Artists have been doing experiments on vision longer than neurobiologists. Some major works of art have provided insights as to how we see; some of these insights are so fundamental that they can be understood in terms of the underlying neurobiology. For example, artists have long realized that color and luminance can play independent roles in visual perception.
Dans sa thèse, Monica Barbir identifie un décalage potentiel entre ce que l'on pense que l'on sait à propos du langage et ce dont on a besoin pour le traitement cognitif du langage.
Language is the most powerful social tool any species has evolved - we can use it to share any idea we can think of with the minds of those around us: from poetry, Shakespeare, and physics, to internet memes it underpins what defines us as a species. But despite centuries of thought and study we still have very little idea of how and why language evolved. As a field primatologist at the University of St Andrews, I have spent 15 years living and working with wild apes in the rainforests and mountains of Uganda.
When speech is heard in the presence of background sound, or when hearing is impaired, the sensory information at the ear is often too ambiguous to support speech recognition by itself. In such circumstances, knowledge-guided processes that help to interpret and repair the degraded signal are required. Such recruitment of cognitive processes is probably why listening in noise “feels” effortful, even when intelligibility is high. Such effort can be aversive, and the goal of making listening less effortful is increasingly recognized as important.
Discovering the universal features of human musicality is a prerequisite for explaining the biological and cultural evolution of music. What is universal about the psychological representation of music, and what varies? In this talk I will present analyses of the Natural History of Song Discography, which includes songs recorded in 86 mostly small-scale societies, and experiments using these songs. We find that acoustical forms of songs are predictive of their primary behavioral functions across cultures.
Behaviors and disorders related to problems in self-regulation, such as substance use disorders, childhood behavior problems, and adult antisocial behavior are collectively referred to as Externalizing. In this talk, I will describe research that pooled information on multiple forms of externalizing behavior in ~1.5 million people and identified more than 500 genetic loci associated with a general liability to Externalizing.
